Daftar nama service dan port Linux

Tampaknya blog ini sudah mulai jadi rujukan mahasiswa yang mata kuliahnya sistem operasi Linux. 😀 Ada satu pertanyaan masuk soal port – port di Linux, ada yang jenisnya reserved/trusted (1024 port pertama) dan well known service (WKS). Tugasnya, dimana kita mendapatkan nama layanannya dan port berapa yang dipakai dari dalam Linux itu sendiri.

Secara praktek dunia nyata sangat jarang kita perlu tahu apa named servicenya, tinggal terima jadi saja, tapi kita bisa dengan mudah mendapatkan informasi ini dengan membaca file /etc/services:

less /etc/services

Dan isinya sangatlah panjang:

# /etc/services:
# $Id: services,v 1.55 2013/04/14 ovasik Exp $
#
# Network services, Internet style
# IANA services version: last updated 2013-04-10
#
# Note that it is presently the policy of IANA to assign a single well-known
# port number for both TCP and UDP; hence, most entries here have two entries
# even if the protocol doesn't support UDP operations.
# Updated from RFC 1700, ``Assigned Numbers'' (October 1994).  Not all ports
# are included, only the more common ones.
#
# The latest IANA port assignments can be gotten from
#       http://www.iana.org/assignments/port-numbers
# The Well Known Ports are those from 0 through 1023.
# The Registered Ports are those from 1024 through 49151
# The Dynamic and/or Private Ports are those from 49152 through 65535
#
# Each line describes one service, and is of the form:
#
# service-name  port/protocol  [aliases ...]   [# comment]

tcpmux          1/tcp                           # TCP port service multiplexer
tcpmux          1/udp                           # TCP port service multiplexer
rje             5/tcp                           # Remote Job Entry
rje             5/udp                           # Remote Job Entry
echo            7/tcp
echo            7/udp
discard         9/tcp           sink null
discard         9/udp           sink null
systat          11/tcp          users
systat          11/udp          users
daytime         13/tcp
daytime         13/udp
qotd            17/tcp          quote
qotd            17/udp          quote
msp             18/tcp                          # message send protocol (historic)
msp             18/udp                          # message send protocol (historic)
chargen         19/tcp          ttytst source
chargen         19/udp          ttytst source
ftp-data        20/tcp
ftp-data        20/udp
# 21 is registered to ftp, but also used by fsp
ftp             21/tcp
ftp             21/udp          fsp fspd
ssh             22/tcp                          # The Secure Shell (SSH) Protocol
ssh             22/udp                          # The Secure Shell (SSH) Protocol
telnet          23/tcp
telnet          23/udp
# 24 - private mail system
lmtp            24/tcp                          # LMTP Mail Delivery
lmtp            24/udp                          # LMTP Mail Delivery
smtp            25/tcp          mail
smtp            25/udp          mail
time            37/tcp          timserver
time            37/udp          timserver
rlp             39/tcp          resource        # resource location
rlp             39/udp          resource        # resource location
nameserver      42/tcp          name            # IEN 116
nameserver      42/udp          name            # IEN 116
nicname         43/tcp          whois
nicname         43/udp          whois
tacacs          49/tcp                          # Login Host Protocol (TACACS)
tacacs          49/udp                          # Login Host Protocol (TACACS)
re-mail-ck      50/tcp                          # Remote Mail Checking Protocol
re-mail-ck      50/udp                          # Remote Mail Checking Protocol
domain          53/tcp                          # name-domain server
domain          53/udp
whois++         63/tcp          whoispp
whois++         63/udp          whoispp
bootps          67/tcp                          # BOOTP server
bootps          67/udp
bootpc          68/tcp          dhcpc           # BOOTP client
bootpc          68/udp          dhcpc
tftp            69/tcp
tftp            69/udp
gopher          70/tcp                          # Internet Gopher
gopher          70/udp
netrjs-1        71/tcp                          # Remote Job Service
netrjs-1        71/udp                          # Remote Job Service
netrjs-2        72/tcp                          # Remote Job Service
netrjs-2        72/udp                          # Remote Job Service
netrjs-3        73/tcp                          # Remote Job Service
netrjs-3        73/udp                          # Remote Job Service
netrjs-4        74/tcp                          # Remote Job Service
netrjs-4        74/udp                          # Remote Job Service
finger          79/tcp
finger          79/udp
http            80/tcp          www www-http    # WorldWideWeb HTTP
http            80/udp          www www-http    # HyperText Transfer Protocol
http            80/sctp                         # HyperText Transfer Protocol
kerberos        88/tcp          kerberos5 krb5  # Kerberos v5
kerberos        88/udp          kerberos5 krb5  # Kerberos v5
supdup          95/tcp
supdup          95/udp
hostname        101/tcp         hostnames       # usually from sri-nic
hostname        101/udp         hostnames       # usually from sri-nic
iso-tsap        102/tcp         tsap            # part of ISODE.
csnet-ns        105/tcp         cso             # also used by CSO name server
csnet-ns        105/udp         cso
# unfortunately the poppassd (Eudora) uses a port which has already
# been assigned to a different service. We list the poppassd as an
# alias here. This should work for programs asking for this service.
# (due to a bug in inetd the 3com-tsmux line is disabled)
#3com-tsmux     106/tcp         poppassd
#3com-tsmux     106/udp         poppassd
rtelnet         107/tcp                         # Remote Telnet
rtelnet         107/udp
pop2            109/tcp         pop-2 postoffice        # POP version 2
pop2            109/udp         pop-2
pop3            110/tcp         pop-3           # POP version 3
pop3            110/udp         pop-3
sunrpc          111/tcp         portmapper rpcbind      # RPC 4.0 portmapper TCP
sunrpc          111/udp         portmapper rpcbind      # RPC 4.0 portmapper UDP
auth            113/tcp         authentication tap ident
auth            113/udp         authentication tap ident
sftp            115/tcp
sftp            115/udp
uucp-path       117/tcp
uucp-path       117/udp
nntp            119/tcp         readnews untp   # USENET News Transfer Protocol
nntp            119/udp         readnews untp   # USENET News Transfer Protocol
ntp             123/tcp
ntp             123/udp                         # Network Time Protocol
netbios-ns      137/tcp                         # NETBIOS Name Service
netbios-ns      137/udp
netbios-dgm     138/tcp                         # NETBIOS Datagram Service
netbios-dgm     138/udp
netbios-ssn     139/tcp                         # NETBIOS session service
netbios-ssn     139/udp
imap            143/tcp         imap2           # Interim Mail Access Proto v2
imap            143/udp         imap2
snmp            161/tcp                         # Simple Net Mgmt Proto
snmp            161/udp                         # Simple Net Mgmt Proto
snmptrap        162/tcp                         # SNMPTRAP
snmptrap        162/udp         snmp-trap       # Traps for SNMP
cmip-man        163/tcp                         # ISO mgmt over IP (CMOT)
cmip-man        163/udp
cmip-agent      164/tcp
cmip-agent      164/udp
mailq           174/tcp                         # MAILQ
mailq           174/udp                         # MAILQ
xdmcp           177/tcp                         # X Display Mgr. Control Proto
xdmcp           177/udp
nextstep        178/tcp         NeXTStep NextStep       # NeXTStep window
nextstep        178/udp         NeXTStep NextStep       # server
bgp             179/tcp                         # Border Gateway Proto.
bgp             179/udp
bgp             179/sctp
prospero        191/tcp                         # Cliff Neuman's Prospero
prospero        191/udp
irc             194/tcp                         # Internet Relay Chat
irc             194/udp
smux            199/tcp                         # SNMP Unix Multiplexer
smux            199/udp
at-rtmp         201/tcp                         # AppleTalk routing
at-rtmp         201/udp
at-nbp          202/tcp                         # AppleTalk name binding
at-nbp          202/udp
at-echo         204/tcp                         # AppleTalk echo
at-echo         204/udp
at-zis          206/tcp                         # AppleTalk zone information
at-zis          206/udp
qmtp            209/tcp                         # Quick Mail Transfer Protocol
qmtp            209/udp                         # Quick Mail Transfer Protocol
z39.50          210/tcp         z3950 z39-50 wais      # NISO Z39.50 database
z39.50          210/udp         z3950 z39-50 wais
ipx             213/tcp                         # IPX
ipx             213/udp
imap3           220/tcp                         # Interactive Mail Access
imap3           220/udp                         # Protocol v3
link            245/tcp         ttylink
link            245/udp         ttylink
gist            270/udp                         # Q-mode encapsulation for GIST messages
fatserv         347/tcp                         # Fatmen Server
fatserv         347/udp                         # Fatmen Server
rsvp_tunnel     363/tcp         rsvp-tunnel
rsvp_tunnel     363/udp         rsvp-tunnel
odmr            366/tcp                         # odmr required by fetchmail
odmr            366/udp                         # odmr required by fetchmail
rpc2portmap     369/tcp
rpc2portmap     369/udp                         # Coda portmapper
codaauth2       370/tcp
codaauth2       370/udp                         # Coda authentication server
ulistproc       372/tcp         ulistserv       # UNIX Listserv
ulistproc       372/udp         ulistserv
ldap            389/tcp
ldap            389/udp
osb-sd          400/tcp                         # Oracle Secure Backup
osb-sd          400/udp                         # Oracle Secure Backup
svrloc          427/tcp                         # Server Location Protocl
svrloc          427/udp                         # Server Location Protocl
mobileip-agent  434/tcp
mobileip-agent  434/udp
mobilip-mn      435/tcp
mobilip-mn      435/udp
https           443/tcp                         # http protocol over TLS/SSL
https           443/udp                         # http protocol over TLS/SSL
https           443/sctp                        # http protocol over TLS/SSL
snpp            444/tcp                         # Simple Network Paging Protocol
snpp            444/udp                         # Simple Network Paging Protocol
microsoft-ds    445/tcp
microsoft-ds    445/udp
kpasswd         464/tcp         kpwd            # Kerberos "passwd"
kpasswd         464/udp         kpwd            # Kerberos "passwd"
photuris        468/tcp
photuris        468/udp
saft            487/tcp                         # Simple Asynchronous File Transfer
saft            487/udp                         # Simple Asynchronous File Transfer
gss-http        488/tcp
gss-http        488/udp
pim-rp-disc     496/tcp
pim-rp-disc     496/udp
isakmp          500/tcp
isakmp          500/udp
gdomap          538/tcp                         # GNUstep distributed objects
gdomap          538/udp                         # GNUstep distributed objects
iiop            535/tcp
iiop            535/udp
dhcpv6-client   546/tcp
dhcpv6-client   546/udp
dhcpv6-server   547/tcp
dhcpv6-server   547/udp
rtsp            554/tcp                         # Real Time Stream Control Protocol
rtsp            554/udp                         # Real Time Stream Control Protocol
nntps           563/tcp                         # NNTP over SSL
nntps           563/udp                         # NNTP over SSL
whoami          565/tcp
whoami          565/udp
submission      587/tcp         msa             # mail message submission
submission      587/udp         msa             # mail message submission
npmp-local      610/tcp         dqs313_qmaster  # npmp-local / DQS
npmp-local      610/udp         dqs313_qmaster  # npmp-local / DQS
npmp-gui        611/tcp         dqs313_execd    # npmp-gui / DQS
npmp-gui        611/udp         dqs313_execd    # npmp-gui / DQS
hmmp-ind        612/tcp         dqs313_intercell # HMMP Indication / DQS
hmmp-ind        612/udp         dqs313_intercell # HMMP Indication / DQS
ipp             631/tcp                         # Internet Printing Protocol
ipp             631/udp                         # Internet Printing Protocol
ldaps           636/tcp                         # LDAP over SSL
ldaps           636/udp                         # LDAP over SSL
acap            674/tcp
acap            674/udp
ha-cluster      694/tcp                         # Heartbeat HA-cluster
ha-cluster      694/udp                         # Heartbeat HA-cluster
kerberos-adm    749/tcp                         # Kerberos `kadmin' (v5)
kerberos-adm    749/udp                         # kerberos administration
kerberos-iv     750/udp         kerberos4 kerberos-sec kdc loadav
kerberos-iv     750/tcp         kerberos4 kerberos-sec kdc rfile
webster         765/tcp                         # Network dictionary
webster         765/udp
phonebook       767/tcp                         # Network phonebook
phonebook       767/udp
rsync           873/tcp                         # rsync
rsync           873/udp                         # rsync
#rquotad unreserved in IANA!
rquotad         875/tcp                         # rquota daemon
#rquotad unreserved in IANA!
rquotad         875/udp                         # rquota daemon
telnets         992/tcp
telnets         992/udp
imaps           993/tcp                         # IMAP over SSL
imaps           993/udp                         # IMAP over SSL
pop3s           995/tcp                         # POP-3 over SSL
pop3s           995/udp                         # POP-3 over SSL
..
..

Saya potong hasilnya sampai port 995 karena kalau semuanya bisa sampai port 40000 sekian dan ada puluhan ribu baris karena ada revisinya juga. Kalau anda ingin tahu lengkapnya bisa cek sendiri atau buka link dari IANA dibawah.

Fungsinya file /etc/services ini adalah sebagai database lokal untuk nama layanan dan port yang diasosiasikannya dan tahu pakai TCP atau UDP transfer datanya.

Teorinya semua aplikasi/program yang bisa menggunakan port maka bisa pakai nama layanannya juga.

Referensi tambahan untuk materi yang sama dan penjelasan kenapanya:

  1. https://www.cs.clemson.edu/course/cpsc424/material/TCP%20UDP%20Services/etc-services.pdf
  2. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=X-l9NX3iemAC&pg=PA18&lpg=PA18&dq=tcp+port+numbers+odd&source=bl&ots=Z2ldr6KT4M&sig=ffg6z-CAz4vSgU8ccHJyrPafcek&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=odd%20port%20numbers&f=false
  3. https://docstore.mik.ua/orelly/unix3/upt/ch46_02.htm
  4. https://www.iana.org/assignments/service-names-port-numbers/service-names-port-numbers.xhtml

4 Comments

  1. Apakabar mas chandra semoga dlm keadaan baik… mas ku kan pke virtualbox Kenapa pada saat reboot / shutdown terus dinyalakan lagi jika ingin pake putty hrus selalu mengaktifkan service ssh start, jd ga secara otomatis sudah tersimpan oleh system

Tinggalkan Balasan ke Chandra Batalkan balasan

Alamat email Anda tidak akan dipublikasikan. Ruas yang wajib ditandai *